:root {
  color-scheme: light;
  font-family: "Inter", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  /* Updated colour palette for a calmer, more academic look */
  --bg: #f5f7fb;
  /* subtle radial gradients anchored to the corners for depth without distraction */
  --bg-gradient: radial-gradient(circle at 20% 20%, rgba(47, 129, 197, 0.15), transparent 55%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 80% 10%, rgba(161, 202, 241, 0.14), transparent 42%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 50% 85%, rgba(139, 188, 204, 0.12), transparent 58%);
  --sidebar-gradient: linear-gradient(160deg, #113a67 0%, #1b4f8a 38%, #0f2e52 100%);
  --sidebar-border: rgba(177, 190, 206, 0.28);
  --panel: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
  --panel-border: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.05);
  --panel-shadow: 0 28px 48px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.10);
  --text: #1e365d;
  --muted: #425e7d;
  --accent: #2f81c5;
  --accent-soft: rgba(47, 129, 197, 0.14);
  --accent-strong: #215d91;
  --radius-lg: 26px;
  --radius-md: 18px;
  --radius-sm: 12px;
  --pill-radius: 999px;
  --shadow-lg: 0 35px 80px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.18);
  --shadow-sm: 0 14px 28px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.12);
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  min-height: 100vh;
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--text);
  position: relative;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

body::before {
  content: "";
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  background: var(--bg-gradient);
  z-index: -2;
}

body::after {
  content: "";
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  background: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='320' height='320' viewBox='0 0 320 320' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cg fill='%23d8e0f8' fill-opacity='0.28'%3E%3Crect x='0' y='0' width='2' height='2'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  opacity: 0.45;
  z-index: -3;
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
}

a {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: none;
}

a:hover,
a:focus-visible {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  top: -100%;
  left: 1rem;
  padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #f8fafc;
  border-radius: var(--pill-radius);
  transition: top 0.3s ease;
  z-index: 5;
}

.skip-link:focus-visible {
  top: 1rem;
}

.page {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(280px, 340px) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 3.5rem;
  max-width: 1240px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 3.5rem clamp(1.5rem, 5vw, 4.2rem) 4.5rem;
}

.sidebar {
  background: var(--sidebar-gradient);
  color: #e2e8f0;
  padding: 2.6rem 2.2rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  border: 1px solid var(--sidebar-border);
  position: sticky;
  top: 2.5rem;
  align-self: start;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1.8rem;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.sidebar::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at 20% -10%, rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.36), transparent 60%);
  opacity: 0.8;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.sidebar > * {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.headshot {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
}

.headshot img {
  width: 168px;
  height: 168px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  border: 3px solid rgba(226, 232, 240, 0.32);
  box-shadow: 0 22px 45px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
  transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}

.headshot img:hover {
  transform: translateY(-6px) scale(1.02);
}

.identity h1 {
  font-family: "Source Serif 4", "Georgia", serif;
  font-size: 2.15rem;
  color: #f8fafc;
  margin: 0;
  text-align: center;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.identity .role {
  margin: 0.45rem 0;
  color: #cbd5f5;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.identity .org,
.identity .location {
  margin: 0.3rem 0;
  color: rgba(226, 232, 240, 0.82);
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.contact {
  margin: 0;
  display: grid;
  gap: 1.1rem;
}

.contact dt {
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  color: rgba(226, 232, 240, 0.7);
}

.contact dd {
  margin: 0.35rem 0 0;
  color: #f8fafc;
  font-size: 0.96rem;
}

.quick-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.6rem;
  justify-content: center;
}

.quick-links a {
  padding: 0.5rem 1.1rem;
  border-radius: var(--pill-radius);
  background: rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.18);
  border: 1px solid rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.22);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  transition: background 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.quick-links a:hover,
.quick-links a:focus-visible {
  background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.35);
  border-color: rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.4);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.actions {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.8rem;
}

.button {
  display: inline-flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
  border-radius: var(--pill-radius);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent) 0%, var(--accent-strong) 100%);
  color: #f8fafc;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.button:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 26px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.35);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.button.secondary {
  background: rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.2);
  color: #e2e8f0;
  border: 1px solid rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.4);
  box-shadow: none;
}

.button.secondary:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 16px 32px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.25);
}

.edu h2 {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  margin: 0 0 0.85rem;
  color: #f8fafc;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.edu ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.9rem;
}

.edu li {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: rgba(226, 232, 240, 0.86);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.edu li span {
  display: block;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #f8fafc;
  margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}

.social {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  justify-content: center;
  font-size: 0.94rem;
}

.social a {
  color: rgba(226, 232, 240, 0.95);
  border-bottom: 1px dashed rgba(226, 232, 240, 0.4);
  padding-bottom: 0.1rem;
}

.content {
  /* Constrain the width of the main content and add generous padding */
  max-width: 1100px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 3rem clamp(1rem, 5vw, 3rem) 4rem;
  display: grid;
  /* tighter vertical space between sections */
  gap: 1.8rem;
  position: relative;
}

.panel {
  background: var(--panel);
  /* slightly reduced internal padding */
  padding: 2.2rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  border: 1px solid var(--panel-border);
  box-shadow: var(--panel-shadow);
  backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
}

@supports not (backdrop-filter: blur(14px)) {
  .panel {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
  }
}

.panel h2 {
  font-family: "Source Serif 4", "Georgia", serif;
  font-size: 2rem;
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  position: relative;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.panel h2::after {
  /* removed decorative blue line after section headings */
  display: none;
}

.panel h3 {
  font-family: "Source Serif 4", "Georgia", serif;
  font-size: 1.28rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
  color: var(--text);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.panel p {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.tags {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.6rem;
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.tags span {
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  color: var(--accent-strong);
  padding: 0.45rem 0.85rem;
  border-radius: var(--pill-radius);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.cards {
  display: grid;
  gap: 1.6rem;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(240px, 1fr));
  margin-top: 1.75rem;
}

.cards article {
  padding: 1.6rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  border: 1px solid rgba(47, 129, 197, 0.18);
  background: rgba(47, 129, 197, 0.06);
  color: var(--text);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
}

.cards article:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 24px 42px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.18);
}

.timeline {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  /* tighter spacing between news items */
  gap: 0.9rem;
  position: relative;
}

.timeline::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0.7rem;
  top: 0.8rem;
  bottom: 0.8rem;
  width: 2px;
  background: rgba(47, 129, 197, 0.20);
}

.timeline li {
  margin-left: 1.4rem;
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 1.1rem;
}

.timeline li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: -1.9rem;
  top: 0.55rem;
  width: 11px;
  height: 11px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--accent);
  /* ring around the timeline node to softly anchor it within the new colour palette */
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 6px rgba(47, 129, 197, 0.14);
}

.timeline .year {
  /* remove blue bubble; render as plain, subtle text */
  display: inline;
  width: auto;
  padding: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0 0.5rem 0 0;
}

/* reduce paragraph spacing within timeline items */
.timeline li p {
  margin: 0.2rem 0 0;
}

.metrics {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(160px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.1rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
}

.metrics div {
  /* softened background tone using the updated accent colour */
  background: rgba(47, 129, 197, 0.09);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 1.35rem 1.1rem;
  text-align: center;
  border: 1px solid rgba(47, 129, 197, 0.22);
  color: var(--accent-strong);
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.metrics strong {
  font-size: 1.9rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
}

.metrics a {
  color: var(--accent-strong);
  font-weight: 600;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(47, 129, 197, 0.32);
  padding-bottom: 0.15rem;
}

.pub-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 1.2rem;
  display: grid;
  /* tighter layout for publications */
  gap: 0.9rem;
}

.pub-list li {
  padding-left: 0.2rem;
}

.pub-list h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.pub-list .venue {
  margin: 0.2rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.pub-list a {
  color: var(--text);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.list {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.list h3 {
  margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.split {
  display: grid;
  gap: 1.2rem;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(260px, 1fr));
}

.footer {
  text-align: center;
  color: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.6);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

/*
 * Layout adjustments for the new single‑column design
 * A sticky header with horizontal navigation anchors the page and stays visible
 */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: var(--panel);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--panel-border);
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.top-nav {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.8rem;
  padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.top-nav a {
  padding: 0.45rem 1rem;
  border-radius: var(--pill-radius);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  color: var(--accent-strong);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  transition: background 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
}

.top-nav a:hover,
.top-nav a:focus-visible {
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Profile section inside the About panel */
.about-profile {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.7rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.about-profile img {
  width: 160px;
  height: 160px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  border: 3px solid rgba(47, 129, 197, 0.22);
  box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
}

.about-profile .about-details h1 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-family: "Source Serif 4", "Georgia", serif;
  color: var(--text);
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
}

.about-profile .about-details .role {
  margin: 0.35rem 0 0.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent-strong);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.about-profile .about-details .org,
.about-profile .about-details .location {
  margin: 0.25rem 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* Social icon row under About */
.social-icons {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.6rem;
  margin-top: 1rem;
}

.social-icons a {
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border-radius: var(--pill-radius);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  border: 1px solid rgba(47, 129, 197, 0.22);
  color: var(--accent-strong);
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, background 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.social-icons a:hover,
.social-icons a:focus-visible {
  background: var(--accent);
  border-color: rgba(47, 129, 197, 0.4);
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

/* brand hovers */
.social-icons a.github:hover { background: #24292f; }
.social-icons a.scholar:hover { background: #4285F4; }
.social-icons a.orcid:hover { background: #A6CE39; }
.social-icons a.linkedin:hover { background: #0A66C2; }
.social-icons a.cv:hover { background: #334155; }

@media (max-width: 1180px) {
  .page {
    gap: 3rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .page {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    padding-top: 3rem;
  }

  .sidebar {
    position: relative;
    top: auto;
  }

  .content {
    gap: 1.6rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  :root {
    font-size: 16px;
  }

  .page {
    padding: 2.5rem 1.35rem 3.2rem;
    gap: 2.4rem;
  }

  .panel {
    padding: 1.7rem;
  }

  .panel h2 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
  }

  .panel h2::after {
    width: 36px;
  }

  .metrics {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(130px, 1fr));
  }

  .content {
    gap: 1.4rem;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    transition: none !important;
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
  }
}